Campbell-scientific PWS100 Present Weather Sensor Manual de usuario Pagina 1

PWS100Present Weather SensorRevision: 3/12Copyright © 2006-2012Campbell Scientific, Inc.

PWS100 Table of Contents vi C-3. PWS100 communication cable ... C-4 C-4. Enclosure wiring det

Section 8. Functional Description 8-14

Section 9. Maintenance 9.1 General The PWS100 Present Weather Sensor is a robust instrument that will provide years of uninterrupted weather monitor

Section 9. Maintenance 9-2 It is advisable to use airduster to blow any loose dust and dirt from the lenses as a first step. Using a lint free lens c

Section 10. Troubleshooting 10.1 Introduction If your PWS100 seems to be operating incorrectly, there are a number of checks you can make to isolate

Section 10. Troubleshooting 10.2.3 Ice has formed in the end of the hoods The heaters may not be working. Enter the command mode of the sensor, run

Section 10. Troubleshooting checked that there are no spider’s webs on the instrument, especially in and around the detection volume and hoods of the

Section 10. Troubleshooting 10-4

Appendix A. PWS100 Output Codes The codes that are used in the PWS100 are taken from WMO Manual on Codes 1995 edition, Suppl. No. 5 (VIII.2005), Rec.

Appendix A. PWS100 Output Codes Clouds generally dissolving or becoming less developed during the past hour 01 - - - - - State of sky on the whole

Appendix A. PWS100 Output Codes Blowing or drifting snow or sand, visibility less than 1 km 29 DRSA / BLSA / DRSN / BLSN - - - - FOG 30 FG - - - ≤1

Section 1. Introduction The PWS100 is a laser-based sensor that measures precipitation and visibility by accurately determining the size and velocity

Appendix A. PWS100 Output Codes Freezing precipitation, slight or moderate2 47 -UP / UP P- / P P- / P i<5.34 - Freezing precipitation, slight

Appendix A. PWS100 Output Codes Rain and snow, light 67 -SNRA P- SR- i<1.84 - Drizzle and snow, light 67 -SNDZ P- SL- i<0.64 - Rain, drizz

Appendix A. PWS100 Output Codes Snow showers, moderate1 86 SHSN S S 1.0≤i<5.0 >0.5 mm Snow showers, heavy1 87 +SHSN S+ S+ i≥5.0 >0.5 mm

Appendix A. PWS100 Output Codes Subjective Observations (Trappes, Paris, France, 14-16 May 1997) and the Working Group on Surface Measurements (Genev

Appendix A. PWS100 Output Codes However it is also noted that non-mixed reports such as rain or snow may also contain a proportion of other types of

Appendix A. PWS100 Output Codes TABLE A-6. Intensity bounds for rain, drizzle and snow. Rain Drizzle Snow Rain, Drizzle and Snow Light i<2.5

Appendix A. PWS100 Output Codes A-10

Appendix B. Wiring EARTH GROUND FIGURE B-1. Underside of DSP enclosure TABLE B-1. Cable identifier Connector Number Connector Description Connect

Appendix B. Wiring FIGURE B-2. DSP PCB to DSP enclosure connections B-2

Appendix C. Cable Selection C.1 Power Cable The PWS100 is provided pre-wired with a default 10 m power cable as shown in Figure C-1. This cable shou

Section 1. Product Overview 1-2

Appendix C. Cable Selection WIRING INSTRUCTIONS COLOR DSP SCREEN G BLACK G RED 12V POWER +24 Vdc – GREEN A/C OR DC -24 Vdc – WHITE A/C OR D

Appendix C. Cable Selection C.2 Communication Cable The PWS100 has RS-232, RS-422 and RS-485 communications capability. Use a screened 2 × 0.22 mm2

Appendix C. Cable Selection WIRING INSTRUCTIONS DSP COLOR 9WAY TX-Z BLUE 2 CTS-Y YELLOW 8 RTS-B WHITE 7 RX-A GREEN 3 G BLACK 5 G485 RED N/C G SCR

Appendix D. Software Flowchart D-1

Appendix D. Software Flowchart D-2

Appendix D. Software Flowchart Filter FFT Channel 1Autocorrelation and DC removalFilter FFTChannel 2Autocorrelation and DC removalInverse FFT and sel

Appendix D. Software Flowchart Filter FFTChannel 1Autocorrelation and DC removalInverse FFT and select real componentFind correlation peak positionSe

Appendix D. Software Flowchart D-5

Appendix D. Software Flowchart Determine equivolumetric diameter and volumeDetermine size and velocity table co-ordinatesDetermine fuzzy logic values

Appendix E. Menu System Map E-1

Section 2. Cautionary Statements 2.1 Sensor Unit Safety The PWS100 sensor has been checked for safety before leaving the factory and contains no int

Appendix E. Menu System Map E-2

Appendix E. Menu System Map WELCOME TO THE PWS100 SETUP MENUID {id}SN {sn}(0) message 0(1) message 1(2) message 2(3) set time & date(4) configura

Appendix E. Menu System Map E-4

Campbell Scientific Companies Campbell Scientific, Inc. (CSI) 815 West 1800 North Logan, Utah 84321 UNITED STATES www.campbellsci.com • info@campbel

Section 2. Cautionary Statements If the laser is operated outside of the housing then the following warning applies: INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION AVOID

Section 3. Initial Inspection Upon receipt of the PWS100, inspect the packaging and contents for damage. File damage claims with the shipping company

Section 3. Initial Inspection 3-2

Section 4. Overview The PWS100 Present Weather Sensor is a laser based sensor capable of determining precipitation and visibility parameters for auto

Section 4. Overview 4-2

Section 5. Specifications 5.1 Mechanical Specifications Measuring Area: 40 cm2 (6.2 in2) Housing Materials: Iridite NCP conversion coated alumin

Section 5. Specifications 5.3 Optical Specifications 5.3.1 Laser Head Specifications Laser Source: Near-infrared (IR) diode, eye safe Class 1M un

Section 5. Specifications 5.6.2 Precipitation Measurements Particle Size*: 0.1 mm to 30 mm (0.004 in to 1.18 in) Size Accuracy*: ± 5% (for parti

Section 5. Specifications 5-4 The particle buffer is able to hold raw data for 500 typical particles. The processor is able to process the particles

Section 6. Installation 6.1 Location and Orientation The PWS100 measures environmental variables and is designed to be located in harsh weather cond

Section 6. Installation In order to minimize user interaction with the unit, the PWS100 should be placed away from sources of contamination, in the c

Section 6. Installation 6.3 Installation Procedures 6.3.1 Assembling the PWS100 The PWS100 comes as a single unit, with the DSP enclosure attached

Section 6. Installation Bracket TabU-bolt Bracket DSP Plate FIGURE 6-2. Hardware for mounting the top of the DSP plate to a pole 6-4

Section 6. Installation Bracket Tab Notches FIGURE 6-3. Placing the PWS100 onto the bracket 6-5

Section 6. Installation FIGURE 6-4. PWS100 mounted to a mast or pole Ensure that the PWS100 is mounted according to Figures 6-2 through 6-4. Do not

Section 6. Installation 6.3.3 Connecting Cables The sensor unit comes with the DSP control unit fixed to the sensor arm. All cabling between the sen

Warranty “PRODUCTS MANUFACTURED BY CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. are warranted by Campbell Scientific, Inc. (“Campbell”) to be free from defects in materi

Section 6. Installation PG9 CABLE GLAND PG11 CABLE GLAND(HOOD HEATER) LEMO 4-PIN (CONNECTOR FORCS215-PWS) EARTH GROUNDFIGURE 6-5. Underside of DS

Section 6. Installation 6.3.5 Desiccant The desiccant bags should be removed from the plastic bags in which they are shipped before placing them ins

Section 6. Installation FIGURE 6-7. Removal of DSP cover. FIGURE 6-8. Exposing the DSP board. 6-10

Section 6. Installation The location of the dip switches on the board is shown in Figure 6-9 and the dip switches themselves are shown in detail in F

Section 6. Installation FIGURE 6-9. DSP board dip switch location (circled) FIGURE 6-10. Dip switches (defaults set - 00011100) 6-12

Section 6. Installation 6.3.7 Installing Power Supply Power supply connections can be made in the PWS100 24 Vdc/12 Vdc power supply cabinet using th

Section 6. Installation 6-14 replacing the desiccant. This is of particular importance if using the sensor in corrosive or salt laden atmospheres. 6.

Section 7. Operation 7.1 Introduction The best way of becoming familiar with the sensor is to setup the sensor and connect it to a PC running Window

Section 7. Operation configuration options. These are discussed below within the context of setting up the sensor using a terminal emulator. 7.3 Te

Section 7. Operation In the descriptions which follow ↵ symbolizes the pressing of the ENTER key. Input parameters in italics should be user-defined

Assistance Products may not be returned without prior authorization. The following contact information is for US and international customers residing

Section 7. Operation The data storage function will not store data while the terminal or menu is active. This means data will be missing during these

Section 7. Operation Section 7.4.6 gives further details of how to set up the PWS100 with the command set in the terminal mode (option 7 from the SET

Section 7. Operation If option 1 is chosen from the MESSAGE menu then the system will display the MESSAGE PARAMETERS and FIELDS menu for that message

Section 7. Operation From the MESSAGE PARAMETERS and FIELDS menu if field 1 is chosen then the MESSAGE MODE menu (see Figure 7-5) will be displayed.

Section 7. Operation TABLE 7-2. Message Field parameters Message Field Parameter Output 34 External sensor (Aux) 40 Precipitation intensity (mmh-1

Section 7. Operation Note that user defined messages cannot make field references to other user defined messages but can make reference to fixed mess

Section 7. Operation 7.4.1.3 Message Field 10 To 19 Fixed Messages No fixed messages have been defined yet. The user cannot change the fixed message

Section 7. Operation 10. DC voltage of upper detector greater than 1.5 V. This can be caused by sun directly shining into lens or a pws fault. 11.

Section 7. Operation The PWS100 only measures particles / visibility 90% of the time so precipitation intensity is scaled appropriately. NOTE 7.4.1.1

Section 7. Operation 15 =>4.50 0.50 16 =>5.00 0.50 17 =>5.50 0.50 18 =>6.00 0.50 19 =>6.50 0.50 20 =>7.00 93.00 Particle speed

PWS100 Table of Contents PDF viewers: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the PDF reader bookmarks tab for links t

Section 7. Operation 7 0.795 0.13 8 0.925 0.13 9 1.055 0.13 10 1.185 0.13 11 1.375 0.25 12 1.625 0.25 13 1.875 0.25 14 2.125 0.25 15 2.375 0.25 16 2.

Section 7. Operation 10 0.95 0.1 11 1.10 0.2 12 1.30 0.2 13 1.50 0.2 14 1.70 0.2 15 1.90 0.2 16 2.20 0.4 17 2.60 0.4 18 3.00 0.4 19 3.40 0.4 20 3.80

Section 7. Operation 8 =>0.70 0.1 9 =>0.80 0.1 10 =>0.90 0.1 11 =>1.00 0.2 12 =>1.20 0.2 13 =>1.40 0.2 14 =>1.60 0.2 15 =>1.8

Section 7. Operation 11 =>1.00 0.2 12 =>1.20 0.2 13 =>1.40 0.2 14 =>1.60 0.2 15 =>1.80 0.2 16 =>2.00 0.4 17 =>2.40 0.4 18 =>2

Section 7. Operation 7.4.1.24 Message Field 100 Upper, Lower LED temperature This field will output the sampled internal upper and lower LED tempera

Section 7. Operation 7.4.1.35 Message Field 154 Watchdog Count, Maximum Particles Per Second, Particles Not Processed, Time Lag This field will outp

Section 7. Operation FIGURE 7-6. Message field menu Choosing option 0 on the MESSAGE FIELD menu will display more output parameter options. Choosin

Section 7. Operation FIGURE 7-7. Delete message menu 7.4.2 Top Menu Option 3 (Set Time and Date) Choosing option 3 from the SETUP menu brings up t

Section 7. Operation 7.4.3 Top Menu Option 4 (Configuration) Choosing option 4 from the SETUP menu brings up the CONFIGURATION menu (see Figure 7-9)

Section 7. Operation FIGURE 7-10. PWS100 ID menu Option 2 of the configuration menu gives the TRH PROBE TYPE menu (see Figure 7-11). Choose the cor

PWS100 Table of Contents 6.4 Grounding and Lightning Protection ... 6-14 6.4.1 Equipment Grounding...

Section 7. Operation Option 3 of the configuration menu gives the WETNESS PROBE TYPE menu (see Figure 7-12). Choose the correct wetness probe that is

Section 7. Operation Option 5 of the configuration menu gives the HOOD HEATER TEMPERATURE menu (see Figure 7-14). The value that is to be set needs t

Section 7. Operation Option 7 of the configuration menu gives the OUTPUT MODE menu (Figure 7-16). This refers to the use of packetized output. The me

Section 7. Operation FIGURE 7-17. Calibration warning screen Once confirm is typed followed by the return key, the CALIBRATION top menu (see Figure

Section 7. Operation FIGURE 7-19. Calibration disc constants menu Selecting option 1 on the CALIBRATION top menu will bring up the VIEW / ADJUST CA

Section 7. Operation FIGURE 7-20. View / adjust calibration menu Option 9 of the configuration menu gives the TERMINAL MODE menu (see Figure 7-21).

Section 7. Operation Option 10 of the configuration menu gives the PSU SHUT DOWN VOLTAGE menu (Figure 7-22). Enter the PSU input voltage level below

Section 7. Operation 7.4.5 Top Menu Option 6 (Weather and Alarm Parameters) Choosing option 6 from the SETUP menu brings up the WEATHER AND ALARM PA

Section 7. Operation The snow water content scaling factor (SWCF) can be adjusted by choosing option 4 on the WEATHER PARAMETERS menu. This will brin

Section 7. Operation FIGURE 7-26. Snow water content adjustment The mixed precipitation threshold value can be adjusted by choosing options 5-8 on

PWS100 Table of Contents 7.4.1.29 Message Field 105 DSP PSU Voltage, Hood and Dew Heater % Duty ...

Section 7. Operation FIGURE 7-27. Mixed precipitation threshold adjustment 7.4.6 Top Menu Option 7 (Terminal) Choosing option 7 from the SETUP men

Section 7. Operation of the operating system or a hardware reset. The SDI-12 values of temperature and relative humidity will be -999.00 if no such i

Section 7. Operation FIGURE 7-30. Done menu 7.5 Message Related Commands Messages can be set for a variety of output types, including fixed standa

Section 7. Operation The Message_Interval parameter must also be defined from 0 second to 32767 seconds which is the rate at which the system will di

Section 7. Operation To set manual polling mode the MSET command should be of the form: MSET Message_ID 0 0 Message_Fields ↵ e.g., MSET 0 0 0 105

Section 7. Operation Higher codes indicate other type of data (stored every 10 seconds) where values a, b, and c have different meanings as indicated

Section 7. Operation 7.5.3 Viewing Data Output on the Command Line A number of records (defined by the number n) of uncollected historic m data (mes

Section 7. Operation To set the adjustable visibility limit parameters, type: SETPARAM vislim1 vislim2 vislim3 snowwater mixthreshold↵ The system w

Section 7. Operation The PWS100 will then display the configuration parameters on screen in the following format: Date and Time PWS100 product identi

Section 7. Operation Currently three other sensors can be connected to the PWS100. The sensor configured is changed by parameters TRH_Sensor (Tempera

PWS100 Table of Contents 8.3 Additional Sensor Connections... 8-3 8.3.1 Using a CS215-PWS

Section 7. Operation Select the Xmodem 1k protocol and select the OS file using the ‘Browse’ button. Once selected press the ‘Send’ button. The Xmode

Section 7. Operation 7.8.3 Running the Calibration The detection volume is calibrated using the PWC100 calibrator. The calibration fixture plate whi

Section 7. Operation To set the time without the date being altered the following should be used: TIME hh:mm:ss↵ 7.9.2 Resetting the System The sys

Section 7. Operation relative gains or losses of the two clocks that the logger will over time either receive an extra transmission from the sensor o

Section 7. Operation 'Main Program BeginProg 'Open Serial Port to the PWS100 SerialOpen (Com1,115200,3,0,10000) 'Commands can b

Section 7. Operation 'Open Serial Port to the PWS100 SerialOpen (Com1,115200,3,0,10000) 'Commands can be included here to setup the s

Section 7. Operation 7-50

Section 8. Functional Description 8.1 General The PWS100 Present Weather Sensor is an optical sensor using the best of scatter meter and disdrometer

Section 8. Functional Description FIGURE 8-1. Laser unit Rod lens Cylindrical lens Doublet lens Grating Laser FIGURE 8-2. Laser unit showing l

Section 8. Functional Description FIGURE 8-3. Sensor unit Plano-convex lens Photodiode Filter FIGURE 8-4. Sensor unit showing light path extents

PWS100 Table of Contents List of Figures 4-1. PWS100... 4

Section 8. Functional Description 8.3.1 Using a CS215-PWS on the PWS100 The CS215-PWS temperature and RH probe should be connected directly to one o

Section 8. Functional Description 8.4 PWS100 Control Unit The PWS100 control unit, shown in Figure 8-5 as a block diagram, is a custom designed DSP

Section 8. Functional Description 8.6 Algorithm Description 8.6.1 Detecting and Classifying Precipitation The PWS100 has a structured detection vol

Section 8. Functional Description Signal to Pedestal Ratio Analysis01002003004005006001 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5Signal to Pedestal RatioParticle Count

Section 8. Functional Description size/velocity value of 0 for drizzle, 0.4 for rain, 0.3 for snow flakes, 0.4 for graupel, 0.1 for ice pellet etc. T

Section 8. Functional Description The PWS100 has exceptional sensitivity to the start and end of precipitation events. To avoid falsely reporting pr

Section 8. Functional Description 8.6.3 Precipitation Accumulation Precipitation accumulation is calculated in millimeters over a specified time per

Section 8. Functional Description 8.6.4.2 Visibility Types Also by using the WMO SYNOP code table (4680) a visibility type can be defined. These typ

Section 8. Functional Description possible to measure the immediate surroundings, selecting appropriate parameters, which can be related to the envir

Section 8. Functional Description 8.8 Internal Monitoring The PWS100 has a number of internal checks including temperature analysis inside each head